CLIMATRONIC DEVICE FOR MONITORING GREENHOUSE EFFECT

Climatronic device for monitoring greenhouse effect is an electronic climate checker that Able Designs and Construction Company (ADACC) started developing for a long time now to monitor and control human activities in an environment which contributes to global warming or greenhouse gases like deforestation/burning of bushes, fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas), etc. Our aim is to monitor the adverse effects of climatic and weather conditions, then announce its consequences to the people in different regions and suggests adequate utilities they can utilize to be safe. The Government, Department of the Environment and Energy, Climatologist, Meteorological centers can utilize it to forecast the weather or climate change condition.
This is a multi-purpose smart climate checker to support the action to reduce the heat-trapping gas emissions. It can be used to monitor the rate of ozone layer depletion by determining the level of ultra violet radiation reaching the earth from the sun using UV Radiation sensor.  

The system consists of wireless sensor network (WSN) containing various weather sensors, micro-controller, transceivers and LCD. The micro-controller serves as a minicomputer in a chip that controls both the software and hardware operations.

More information and experimental result of this project concept will be uploaded in this site soon.  Greenhouse gas emission has caused significant increase in the number of premature deaths and other potentially catastrophic consequences in the earth. The problem of burning fossil fuels, burning of bush and land clearing are increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases which is contributing to warming of the Earth. This contributes to the high concentrations of heat-trapping “greenhouse gases” in the atmosphere. Climate change has the potential of claiming lives in thousands, properties and infrastructures are not left out of the possible destruction. Excessive heat or cold waves can cause death or sickness to those with inadequate utilities. Droughts can have adverse effect on water usage and destroy vegetation. Fog or exceptionally low ceiling can prevent many aircraft from landing and taking off safely. Turbulence and icing are also significant in-flight hazards in temperate regions. Thunderstorms are a problem for all aircraft because of severe turbulence due to their updrafts and outflow boundaries, strong winds, and lightning, all of which can cause severe damage to an aircraft in flight.

Benefit of solving the problem:

Global warming and climate changes seen today are being caused by the increase of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and other greenhouse gas emissions which pose threat to public health. This has continued to receive a clarion Call for engineers to model and develop device that can help human race. Heat wave which is another consequence of global warming can lead to thousands of heat-related deaths. Beyond that, there can be other troubling effects: decreases in crop yields, droughts, and dry conditions ripe for wildfires. Wildfires, in turn, lead to deforestation. Since trees absorb much of the excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, fewer trees mean higher levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, thus perpetuating the cycle in which warmer temperatures wreak atmospheric havoc.

With the device we can monitor and stop activities that cause global warming, alert the people on the adverse effects of the climate change and suggest the right per-caution measures they can follow to run their daily activities.  Farmers and traders within commodity markets will known about the weather and decide on what to do on a particular day. For instance, they will know when prolong dryness, heat or rain fall will occur.  Prolonged periods of dryness can ruin cotton, wheat and corn crops while corn crops can be ruined by drought, their dried remains can be used as cattle feed substitute in the form of silage. Frosts and freezes play havoc with crops both during the spring and fall. For example, peach trees in full bloom can have their potential peach crop decimated by a spring freeze. Orange groves can suffer significant damage during frosts and freezes, regardless of their timing.

Wireless sensor network (WSN) techniques are to be used along with model-based design software tool known as Protues 8.3 professional, C programming language written in an algorithm in Mikro C pro. The design topology and WSNs are composed of a finite set of sensor devices geographically distributed in a given outdoor environment (usually predefined) to gather environmental data and the node devices placement may be known or unknown a prior. Network nodes can have actual or logical communication with all devices; such a communication defines a topology according to the application. 

Outline of our Objectives

1.     To design and simulate a smart climatronic device for the monitoring of adverse effects of climatic conditions and announce its consequences to the people at different regions.

2.     To forecast the possibility of the climate change and suggest adequate utilities for the people to perform their daily activities safely.

3.     To provide the National Meteorological Centers, Government bodies, Department of the Environment and Energy and other specialized bodies with a gadget to monitor the environment against burning of fossil fuels, and deforestation, etc. 

4.     To monitor the rate of ozone layer depletion in the earth station and determine the level of ultra violet radiation reaching the earth from the sun.

Broadcasting the possibility and impart of the climate change such as heat waves, cold waves, rainfall pattern and Ultra Violet Ray Radiation variations are very important especially when saving lives are involved. Heat waves, cold waves, flooding from torrential down pour have claimed so many lives in recent years. The proposed research will certainly help to save lives of populace if deployed in any area where any of these adverse effects of climate change occurs.

A microcontroller was programmed using an algorithm that collects information from UV sensor and weather sensors which comprises of pressure sensor, temperature and humidity sensors, etc. The information sourced or fetched from these sensors was compared with the climate condition data stored in EEPROM and used to forecast the present climate and weather condition. This also involves the transmission of information or results through a wireless communications channel using wireless sensor techniques.  Information can also be shown in LCD while a PV based SMP supply ensures a constant power supply. This was done to ensure or maintain a certain level of safety in the future environmental conditions, and to forecast weather conditions in a very simple and advanced method.

Proteus professional software was used to design and model a climatronic device using Peripheral interface controllers (PIC Microcontroller), UV radiation sensors and WSN techniques. Mikro C pro for Peripheral Interface Controller was used as the integrated development environment (IDE) and the generated hex file (machine language) was embedded into the micro-controller to carry out the system functions.  MATLAB code was used to analysis the final result produced from the model. A live experimentation was carried out in the work to ascertain the accuracy of the Proteus simulation and ensure that the system hardware can work if implemented in the future.  In the simulation program, the system monitors UV, temperature, relative humidity, pressure, wind direction and speed, etc. 

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